Mycochemistry, antioxidant content, and antioxidant potentiality of the ethanolic extract of Pleurotus florida and its anti-cancerous effect on HeLa cancer cell line, and antitumor effect on HeLa-implanted mice

Abstract

Objectives: Cervical cancer is increasing worldwide and is becoming resistant to the existing drugs in clinical practice. Here, ethanolic extract of fruit body of Pleurotus florida was evaluated as antioxidant, anticancer agent against HeLa cell lines and anti-tumor against cervical cancer in mice model.
Methods: Fruit bodies of P. florida in 90% ethanol, and the P. florida ethanolic extract (PFEE) was subsequently investigated for its antioxidant content and activity, anticancer properties against the cervical cancer cell line, HeLa, and antitumor activity against HeLa implanted mice.
Results: The antioxidant activity bioassay showed that the IC50 of PFEE was 41.17 ± 1.42a µg/ml. The cytotoxicity assay revealed that PFEE caused inhibition of cell proliferation. At the highest dose (1,250 µg/ml) after 24 h, 48 h, or 72 h of treatment, the percentages of cell growth inhibition were 75.22%, 77.77%, and 84.65%, respectively. It revealed that PFEE-treated cells became rounded and the nuclei became fragmented.
PFEE induced intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. PFEE also led to an up regulation of the apoptotic genes for caspases-3, -9, and Bax, whereas Bcl-2 gene was down regulated, and it also promoted the expression of p53. Cell cycle analysis revealed that cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 checkpoint. PFEE suppressed metastasis and colonization. At a dosage of PFEE of 50 mg/kg of body weight, a 66.72% reduction in the size of tumors and an 87.44% reduction in the tumor weight were observed in mice.
Conclusions: It has demonstrated that PFEE is a highly potent anti-cervical cancer agent in vitro and in vivo