Reactogenicity and persistence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among recipients of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine: A single center experience from Sri Lanka

Abstract

Objectives: Actual world data on vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are imperative for future immunization decisions. We studied the reactogenicity and IgG response in a cohort dually vaccinated with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine.
Methods: This prospective study recruited 494 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine recipients at the University Hospital KDU between January 30 and February 5, 2021, and followed up for 9 months. The two doses of the vaccine were administered 3-month apart, followed by a booster dose with the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine 6 months later. One-week post-vaccination surveillance ascertained the reactogenicity of the vaccine. Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies before each vaccination dose was determined using a commercially available quantitative ELISA kit (WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 IgG Quantitative ELISA Beijing China). Reactogenicity profiles after vaccination doses were compared. Association of pre-vaccination seropositivity and demographic variables with antibody levels was assessed.
Results: Reactogenicity was reported by 78.5% (329/419) and 25.4% (104/410) participants after the first and second doses, respectively, with a significantly high mean total score of vaccine-related symptoms following the first dose (P = 0.015). Post-first dose seroconversion rate was 97.1%, and the immune response was more
robust among pre-vaccination seropositive participants and females. Following the second dose, 100% seroconversion was observed. Subgroup analysis of 196 participants revealed persistent antibodies at nine months with a rise in the previously measured levels among 78.1% compared to 21.9% with declining titers. Antibody waning was significantly associated with pre-vaccination seropositivity (P = 0.015) and female
gender (P = 0.022).
Conclusions: High seroconversion rates and longevity of antibody response in the absence of serious concerns regarding reactogenicity suggest that the vaccine is immunogenic and safe. Significant antibody waning among females and prevaccination seropositive participants warrant further research.

Keywords:

ChadOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine coronavirus disease 2019 IgG seroprevalence reactogenicity SARS-CoV-2
Govindapala, D., Dhanaratna, D., Senarath, U., Lamabadusuriya, D., Senaratne, T., Wijenayake, W., Wijewardena, D., Nakkawita, D., Kawyangana, P., Kulasekara, U., De Silva, A. D., & Fernando, N. (2022). Reactogenicity and persistence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among recipients of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine: A single center experience from Sri Lanka. International Journal of Health Sciences, 17(1), 36–43. Retrieved from https://pub.qu.edu.sa/index.php/journal/article/view/7176
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Author Biographies

Dumitha Govindapala, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Senior Lecturer in Medicine and Consultant Physician

Head Medicine

Department of Clinical Sciences

Dhanuka Dhanaratna, University Hospital KDU

Intern Medical officer

Uththara Senarath, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Demonstrator (Pre-Intern Medical Officer) 

Department of Clinical Sciences

Dilusha Lamabadusuriya, University Hospital KDU

Consultant Physician in General Internal Medicine 

Thamarasi Senaratne, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Lecturer

Department of Multidisciplinary Sciences

 

Wasantha Wijenayake, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Senior Lecture in Surgery and Consultant Surgeon

Head- Surgery

Department of Clinical Sciences

Dasun Wijewardena, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Demonstrator (Pre-Intern Medical Officer) 

Department of Clinical Sciences

Dilini Nakkawita, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Senior Lecturer in Microbiology and Consultant microbiologist

Department of Para- Clinicalcal Sciences

Pawanie Kawyangana, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Demonstrator

Department of Para-Clinical Sciences

Upeksha Kulasekara, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Demonstrator

Department of Para- Clinical Sciences

Aruna Darshan De Silva, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Senior Lecturer (Grade 1) Parasitology
Head / Biomedical Laboratory 2
Department of Paraclinical Sciences

Nayana Fernando, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University

Senior Lecturer in Community Medicine

Head- Community Medicine

Department of Para- Clinical Sciences