Three-dimensional analysis of ground reaction force and sacrum displacement demonstrates a correlation during level walking
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to determine the correlation between sacrum displacement and ground reaction force (GRF) during walking on a level surface. The kinematic parameters of angular displacement of sacrum bone in the three directions are measured, and a correlation was derived to integrate the effect of GRF to sacrum displacement.
Methods: Forty healthy university students participated in this study. Each student was asked to walk with a normal gait without targeting a slope during walking. Double-sided adhesive tape was used to place all markers on the specific landmark points. Qualisys system was adjusted before picking up the required parameters to enable each camera to determine the locations of the reflective markers in combination with a force plate component to extract the correlation data.
Results: A positive correlation in the vertical direction was observed in the early and late phases of the stance phase in females. In males, a positive correlation was demonstrated in the middle and late phase of the stance phase. However, a positive correlation was found only among the male group in the anteroposterior direction during the middle part of the stance phase.
Conclusion: The findings of our study point to the incorporation of strength-training exercises to increase the rotator muscle strength of the trunk and lower extremities in both males and females. The results indicate that in the male group, the flexors and extensors of the trunk and lower extremities in the middle part need to be focused during strength training, especially for athletics. This would be useful in decreasing the incidence of sports injuries.
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