Emergence of Potential Superbug Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Lessons from New Delhi Mutant-1 Bacterial Strains

Abstract

Recent reports have shown that certain bacterial strains attain the New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) enzyme and become resistant to a broad range of antibiotics. Similarly, more dangerous “superbugs†of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensive drug resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains are gradually emerging through rapid genetic mutation caused by prescription non-compliance or unsupervised indiscriminate use of anti-tubercular drugs or other antibiotics. Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases have been reported in highly susceptible population groups including the aboriginal communities of US and Canada. In Canada alone, the total number of reported tuberculosis cases has decreased over the past decade. However, there is a steady increase in HIV cases in certain communities including the aboriginal communities. Reintroduction of MDR/XDR strains of tuberculosis is possible in these susceptible communities, which in turn may pose serious public health situation. MDR/XDR strains of tuberculosis are virtually untreatable using current anti-tubercular medication protocols. Thus, MDR/XDR tuberculosis presents a grave global public health threat. The unpredictable genetic mechanism involved in generating MDR/XDR resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis may pose greater challenges in developing appropriate treatment strategies. In this article, we briefly review potential genetic mechanism of emerging NDM-1 bacterial strains and draw a rationale parallel to the underlying genetic mechanism of MDR/XDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain development.

Key words: Tuberculosis, multidrug resistant, class I integron, NDM-1

Nazir, T., Abraham, S., & Islam, A. (2012). Emergence of Potential Superbug Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Lessons from New Delhi Mutant-1 Bacterial Strains. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(1). Retrieved from https://pub.qu.edu.sa/index.php/journal/article/view/331
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Author Biographies

Taha Nazir, Ripah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ripah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Associate Professor, Ripah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Suraj Abraham, Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

Postdoctoral fellow, Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada (Current)

Research Associate- Pathology, Cancer Research Unit, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

Research Associate, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

Postdoctoral Research Assistant, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada

Azharul Islam, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization- International Vaccine Centre (VIDO- InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, SK, Canada

Postdoctoral Fellow, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization- International Vaccine Centre (VIDO- InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, SK, Canada

Postdoctoral fellow, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada